Dr. Goldberg is a leading authority on genetic algorithms (GAs) and evolutionary computation (EC)-search procedures based on natural selection and natural genetics. His text Genetic Algorithms in Search, Optimization, and Machine Learning (Addison-Wesley, 1989) is widely used and cited.

Dr. Goldberg was an early pioneer in the design, analysis, and application of learning classifier systems (LCSs). Classifier systems are rule-learning systems that combine accurate apportionment of credit with a genetic algorithm. LCSs are increasingly being used in data-mining and autonomous agent applications.

Genetic algorithms may be thought of as models of human innovation. Dr. Goldberg has started to consult with companies on the ways in which the genetic algorithm model of computation can be used to improve and systematize corporate organization.

Dr. Goldberg's early work in genetic algorithms was applied to optimizing natural gas pipelines. Dr. Goldberg has performed 20 consulting studies of steady and unsteady flow in both compressible and incompressible pipeline systems from local networks to long-distance transmission lines.